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Muharram: Historical Significance

During the month of Muharram, Muslims observe fasting, prayers, and abstain from joyous events. They gather to mourn the martyrdom of Imam Hussein, expressing deep sadness and grief to honor his memory.

Understanding Muharram: The First Month of the Islamic Calendar

Muharram-ul-Haram, the initial month of the Islamic calendar, marks the beginning of the Islamic new year. The tenth day, known as the Day of Ashura, holds significant importance as Muslims commemorate the sacrifice of Imam Hussein, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad. This month is revered as the second holiest in Islam, following Ramadan, and is often referred to as ‘the sacred month of Allah’ due to its association with Prophet Muhammad.

When Does Muharram Occur?

Muharram commences upon the sighting of the new moon, marking the start of the Islamic calendar’s first month. It spans 10 days and its dates vary on the Gregorian calendar due to the lunar-based nature of the Islamic calendar.

Significance of Muharram

The Day of Ashura stands as a profoundly blessed and historically significant occasion in Islam. The Quran emphasizes its importance, urging believers to reflect on Allah’s signs and to uphold righteous conduct throughout the month of Muharram.

The History of Muharram

Muharram’s history is marked by tragedy and profound loss in Islam. Approximately fourteen centuries ago, Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, was martyred in the Battle of Karbala. In 680 AD, Hussain challenged the rule of Caliph Yazid, leading to a rebellion culminating in the battle where he was killed and his family captured. Muslims commemorate this event as the martyrdom of Husayn Ibn Ali, honoring his legacy of justice, kindness, and equality.

Additionally, Muslims consider the 10th day of Muharram auspicious because it commemorates Moses leading the Israelites through the Red Sea, triumphing over the Egyptian Pharaoh. This aspect of Muharram’s history is celebrated without sorrow or mourning.

Although Muharram is observed differently among various sects, it holds significant importance throughout the Muslim community.

Prohibitions During Muharram

Muharram, one of the holiest months mentioned in the Quran, derives its name from ‘forbidden‘, indicating its sanctity. As such, certain actions, including warfare, are prohibited during this time to uphold its sacredness.

The name ‘Muharram’ shares its root with Al-Masjid Al-Haram, highlighting their shared sacredness. Every action, whether in relationships, work, worship, or personal health and time management, carries significant weight during this month. Muslims believe that deeds in Muharram are especially consequential, akin to those around the Kaaba, offering opportunities for great rewards but also carrying the risk of increased sins.

Virtues of Fasting in Muharram

Fasting during Muharram holds significant virtues comparable to Ramadan. It offers a chance to expiate minor sins accumulated over the past year, with Allah forgiving those who sincerely repent and fast on the Day of Ashura. Additionally, fasting honors Imam Hussain’s stance against tyranny and strengthens faith in Islam.

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) stated, “By fasting on the day of Ashura, I hope that Allah will accept it as an expiation for (the sins committed in) the previous year.” He encouraged fasting on both the 9th and 10th days or the 10th and 11th days of Muharram. Prophet Noah also fasted on Ashura to express gratitude for Allah’s blessings and mercy.

5 Facts about Muharram

  1. Fasting on the Day of Ashura is believed to expiate past sins, leading many Muslims to fast on both the 9th and 10th days of Muharram.
  2. Fasting in Muharram is highly rewarding, second only to Ramadan in importance.
  3. In 1400 AH (1979), insurgents led by Mohammed Abdullah al-Qahtani seized the Grand Mosque during Muharram.
  4. Islamic scholar Zayn al-Abidin, the fourth Shia Imam, was martyred during Muharram in 95 AH (714 AD) by the Marwanid dynasty.
  5. The Muharram procession is also known as Youm-e-Ashura.

Performing Umrah in Muharram

Umrah can be performed at any time of the year except during the Hajj period, as Saudi authorities do not issue visas for Umrah during the three months leading up to Hajj. However, during Muharram, Muslims are allowed to undertake the journey and visit the sacred sites of Umrah.

In Muharram, Muslims engage in prayers for blessings, visit mosques, spend quality time with family, and prepare sweet dishes to share after breaking their fasts. This sacred month, named for its sanctity, holds profound significance in Islamic tradition.

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